ANKLE INJURIES
Ligaments can be sprained, partially torn, or completely torn. The most common case of injury involves the calcaneofibular ligament. Causes of ankle injuries include: weak muscles, uneven surfaces, improper shoes, and flat or high arched feet.
KNEE INJURIES
Ligaments can be stretched or torn from the bone by activities that twist the knee. The medial and lateral collateral ligaments found on the outside of the knee joint, provide side-to-side stability. Once the ligaments are torn or stretched, a knee support may be needed. Causes of knee injuries include overuse of muscles, ligaments, and improper use of muscles.
TENNIS/GOLFER’S ELBOW
Tennis or golfer’s elbow occurs where there is excessive use. It is an inflammation of the tissues in the elbow area. Tennis elbow involves the muscles and tendons that extend or bend the wrist and fingers. The pain occurs on the outside of the elbow, in contrast to the condition of golfer’s elbow, the pain is on the inside. Causes of tennis elbow include weak muscles, overuse, and improper use of equipment. Although tennis elbow is very painful, it is treatable. Rest, ice, proper stretching, and physiotherapy (physios will work to reduce the inflammation in the arm), and antiinflammatory prescription drugs are often part of the treatment.
WRIST SUPPORTS
Many muscles are responsible for wrist movement. The muscles which control movement are located in the forearm. When injury stretches or tears these tendons and ligaments, immediate care is required. The result of injuries consists of swelling and weakness of the joint. A typical way to reduce swelling is to apply a cold compress to the affected area, followed by a compression support of the joint. A wrist support can semi and fully immobilize the joint usually leaving the fingers to move freely.
BACK SUPPORTS
The curved vertebral spine consists of 24 vertebrae: five lumbar vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, and seven cervical vertebrae. The lumbar (lower back) are the largest and consequently have the most weight to bear. Each of these vertebrae are separated by intervertebral disk. These disks absorb and cushion the shock by such activities as walking and jumping. There are many factors which contribute to low back pain, beginning with poor posture, lack of exercise, and overeating.
Back Sprains: Like any other part of the body, sprains occur when the muscles or ligaments are stretched or torn, thus activities done improperly such as bending, lifting, standing or even sifting are all contributing factors.
Herniated or “Ruptured” Disks: A herniated disk occurs when the disk that is found between the vertebrae shifts or bulges and stimulates nerve endings. This pain then travels down the back of the thigh to the leg-is a condition called SCIATICA. Although most people do not require an operation for this ailment, a very small percentage will.
Osteoarthritis: When aging, many people develop the aches and pains of osteoarthritis that accompany old age. Osteoarthritis is one of those inevitable conditions. In the lumbar area, Osteoarthritis affects the disks by making them narrow, causing the vertebrae to rub against one another, resulting in irritating spurs, and pain. Proper exercise, and correct use of your back will prolong any wear and tear.